Zhao

Zhao (赵) is a common Chinese surname with a long and distinguished history, dating back over 2,000 years. It originated from the ancient state of Zhao during the Warring States period (475–221 BC). The ruling house of Zhao traced its ancestry to the mythical Yellow Emperor, and later to the Spring and Autumn period state of Jin. After the partition of Jin, the state of Zhao emerged as one of the 'Seven Warring States'. The surname was adopted by the descendants of the ruling family.

As a given name, Zhao is less common but can be used for both males and females, often carrying meanings related to brightness, clarity, or excelling. Its usage as a given name is typically influenced by the specific character chosen, as Chinese names are often composed of characters with distinct meanings. The surname Zhao is particularly notable for being the first surname in the classic text 'Bai Jia Xing' (Hundred Family Surnames), reflecting its historical prominence.